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Digital battlefield

Psychological warfare and propaganda to lower an opponent’s morale and resolve is an ancient technique employed by adversaries -- directly or indirectly. However, the means available to conduct these operations…

Digital gag order

Pakistan’s digital landscape is facing yet another crackdown, with the introduction of the Prevention of Electronic Crimes (Amendment) Act (Peca) 2025. If this feels like a replay of 2015, that’s…

Censorship and disinformation

DIGITAL disinformation has emerged as a formidable threat in the digital era, warping public perceptions and jeopardising fundamental democratic structures. It undermines the integrity of informed public discourse and governance,…

The challenge of disinformation

The internet has led the world to an unprecedented revolution, fundamentally transforming how we access and share information. Social media platforms such as Facebook, X, Instagram, TikTok and YouTube have…

The challenge of disinformation

The internet has led the world to an unprecedented revolution, fundamentally transforming how we access and share information. Social media platforms such as Facebook, X, Instagram, TikTok and YouTube have…

Debating disinformation

I am in Sarajevo right now to attend a global conference on fact-checking – Global Fact 11 which is held regularly; this is the 11th edition. Before I talk about…

Navigating the digital seas

Last week, when I received messages from acquaintances and friends that Noam Chomsky was no more, I searched for the news online. Reports said that Chomsky had suffered a stroke…