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SOEs, fiscal discipline & reforms

Despite a wave of privatization in the last 3 decades, SOEs still contribute significantly to the economic growth of both developed and developing countries (Robinett 2006). For example, SOEs account…

Energy sector reforms

Our fiscal space is wafer thin. The economy is starting to pull back from a precipice. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) Staff-Level Agreement (SLA) is around the corner and has…

Structural reforms

Little else is requisite to carry a state to the highest degree of opulence from the lowest barbarism but peace, easy taxes, and a tolerable administration of justice: all the…

Karachi’s ill-fated Circular Railway

The Karachi-walas of the 1960s and '70s recall with joy their travel to works and for leisure by the Circular Railway. This mode of travel with dignity and comfort was…

Improving the railways

It has been a few days since 65 innocent citizens of this country lost their lives to a senseless train accident in Ghotki. The collective amnesia is about to set…

Economic reforms: Part-XXXI

At the outset of this series, we had explained that economic reform essentially means bringing the values of economic variables to a well-established notion of ‘natural state’. Ideally, this natural…