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Our environmental debt

While dealing with economic and social challenges, an invisible but loud crisis has grown up within the territories of Pakistan, which is known as the country's environmental debt. Such debt,…

The environmental journey

PAKISTAN’s policy since inception has been to fast-track economic growth, even if it entails deterioration of the natural environment. Our policymakers seem to have internalised a myth: the country has…

Islamic environmentalism

IT is no secret that Pakistan faces an existential climate change crisis. Currently ranked fifth in the Global Climate Risk Index, we are at severe risk of exposure to extreme…

Environmental crimes

Environmental crimes have consequences more severe than many other serious offenses, and unfortunately, they cannot be entirely controlled or prevented by merely enforcing laws. These crimes result from widespread negligence…

Environmental justice

Environmental restorative justice is relevant with respect to healing the earth, protecting the rights of indigenous peoples and dealing with various environmental harms, crimes and injustices. It acknowledges the damage…

Loss and damage

Climate change is one of the most critical security issues for human beings, posing serious social, environmental, and developmental challenges. The effects of global climate change in Pakistan are evident…

‘Environmentally sustainable’ bonds

Pakistan faces a significant challenge to finance its large trade deficits and external debt repayments. This is reflected in the sharp drawdown of the SBP (State Bank of Pakistan) foreign…