The cardinal principle of British Raj — I
To be a gentleman officer two trades are necessary – a good tailor and a good barber”. Boris Johnson, please take note. Pakistan, from 1957 to 1969, was built by…
The cardinal principle of British Raj — II
When Zulfikar Ali Bhutto took over as President and Chief Martial Law Administrator in the early 1971, he enjoyed immense powers. His problem was that he was fearful of the…
Resistance literature and the British Raj
Literature is traditionally considered a means of pleasure and enjoyment that focuses on beauty and spreads happiness in an artistic manner. This thesis is the guiding principle for the school…
National College and the British Raj
The story of educational resistance to the Raj is not complete without the mention of the National College, which was set up in Lahore by Lala Lajpat Rai in 1921.…
Media resistance in British India
In my previous article, ‘Discursive paradigm of resistance’ (August 8) published in these pages I discussed two major approaches of resistance: the coercive approach and the discursive approach. The coercive…
Ahmed Khan Kharal and the Raj
The great War of Independence in 1857 brought different ethnic groups of India together to challenge the British Raj. A large number of local soldiers left the British army under…
Gandhi and the Raj
Gandhi was an important figure in the 20th century and inspired a large number of people to join his non-violent movement to show resistance against the British Raj. Mohandas Karamchand…
Turangzai vs the Raj
In one of my previous articles, titled ‘Frontier and resistance’, published in these pages I focused on the armed resistance in the frontier where a number of freedom fighters, including…
Deoband and resistance to the Raj
The 1857 war of freedom brought together different strata of society to liberate India from foreign rule. A number of religious leaders, who were descendents of Shah Waliullah, took an…
Jamia Millia Islamia versus the Raj
Nationalism was on the rise in India in the middle of the 19th century. The despotic policies of the British Raj forced the Indians to come together and embrace their…
